Emotional support animals in housing co-operatives
Housing situations
Covered by the Fair Housing Act, and structurally the hardest of the ownership models to argue with.
What makes a co-op different
You buy shares in a corporation and get a proprietary lease, rather than buying the unit itself. The board approves who may buy, and in many co-ops it may decline without giving a reason. That combination makes a co-op the most discretionary housing structure in the country, and it is precisely why fair housing law reaches it.
The Act applies
A co-op board deciding who may occupy a dwelling and on what terms is a housing provider. House rules about animals are policies, and the reasonable accommodation duty applies to them exactly as it applies to a lease clause. A board is not exempt because it calls itself a corporation or because occupancy runs through a proprietary lease.
Where it gets difficult
- The no-reason rejection. A board that need not explain a refusal is hard to challenge, which is why an accommodation request made in writing, with a date, matters more here than anywhere else: it creates the record a later refusal has to be read against.
- Interview practice. Co-op interviews are informal and unrecorded. Questions about your health in one are improper, and you are not obliged to answer them.
- Board turnover. An accommodation granted by one board should be recorded in the corporate minutes, not held in somebody memory.
- Sublet rules, which are usually strict, and which interact awkwardly with a shareholder who needs to move out temporarily.
Practical advice
Make the request in writing to the board or managing agent rather than raising it in an interview, and ask for the decision in writing. Supply the minimum: that a disability exists and that the animal is needed. A board is a group of your neighbours and the documentation will circulate further than you expect.
Common questions
- Can a co-op board reject my purchase because of the animal?
- Refusing on the basis of a documented assistance animal is a refusal on the basis of disability. Proving it against a board that gives no reasons is the hard part, which is why the written record matters.
- Do I ask before or after the interview?
- In writing, separately from the interview, so the request and the decision both exist on paper.